Highlights
- Lymphoma: Symptoms, early diagnosis, and treatment options for this common cancer.
- Hemangiosarcoma: Understanding its aggressive nature and prognosis.
- Osteosarcoma: Key indicators and management of bone cancer in doodles and small breeds.
- Mast Cell Tumors: What to look for and how to address these skin-related tumors.
- Guidance for prevention and early detection to enhance your dog’s quality of life.

Cavachons, Cavapoos, Bernedoodles, and Sheepadoodles are beloved for their affectionate nature, intelligence, and family-friendly temperament. However, like many dog breeds, they can be prone to certain cancers. Understanding the signs and available treatment options can help pet owners take early action to improve their dog’s prognosis and quality of life.
Below, we explore the most common cancers affecting these breeds, along with symptoms, diagnosis methods, and treatment expectations.
1. Lymphoma
Lymphoma is one of the most common cancers in dogs and affects the lymphatic system. It can appear in any breed, but doodle mixes and smaller breeds like Cavachons and Cavapoos are not immune.
Symptoms:
- Swollen lymph nodes, often in the neck, chest, or behind the knees.
- Loss of appetite and noticeable weight loss.
- Lethargy or a sudden drop in energy levels.
Diagnosis:
- A fine-needle aspiration or biopsy of the affected lymph node is the most common diagnostic approach.
- Blood tests and imaging, such as X-rays or ultrasounds, help determine the extent of the disease.
Prognosis:
- Lymphoma is typically treatable with chemotherapy, which can extend a dog’s life by months or even years.
- Without treatment, survival is often limited to a few weeks to months.
2. Hemangiosarcoma
This aggressive cancer affects blood vessel walls and is more common in larger breeds like Bernedoodles and Sheepadoodles. It often develops in organs like the spleen, heart, or liver.
Symptoms:
- Sudden weakness or collapse due to internal bleeding.
- Pale gums and rapid breathing.
- Visible swelling in the abdomen or unexplained bruising.
Diagnosis:
- Ultrasounds or CT scans are used to detect tumors, often in the spleen, heart, or liver.
- A biopsy confirms the presence of cancer.
Prognosis:
- Hemangiosarcoma is aggressive and difficult to detect early.
- Surgery to remove the tumor, combined with chemotherapy, may extend life by a few months.
3. Osteosarcoma (Bone Cancer)
Though more common in large breeds like Sheepadoodles and Bernedoodles, smaller breeds like Cavachons and Cavapoos can also develop osteosarcoma. This cancer typically affects long bones.
Symptoms:
- Persistent limping or lameness, often affecting one limb.
- Swelling near the affected bone.
- Pain when touched or reluctance to move.
Diagnosis:
- X-rays can reveal characteristic bone lesions.
- A biopsy confirms the diagnosis.
Prognosis:
- Osteosarcoma typically requires amputation of the affected limb, followed by chemotherapy.
- Without treatment, life expectancy is limited to a few months; with treatment, it can extend to 1–2 years.
4. Mast Cell Tumors
Mast cell tumors are one of the most common types of skin cancer in dogs, and they can affect all breeds, including Cavachons, Cavapoos, Bernedoodles, and Sheepadoodles.
Symptoms:
- Raised, often red or ulcerated lumps on the skin.
- Itching or irritation around the tumor site.
- Vomiting or diarrhea in advanced cases.
Diagnosis:
- A fine-needle aspiration or biopsy is used to identify mast cells.
- Additional blood tests and imaging may be needed to check for metastasis.
Prognosis:
- Prognosis varies depending on the tumor grade. Low-grade tumors can often be completely removed with surgery.
- High-grade tumors may require chemotherapy and have a poorer outlook.
Prevention and Early Detection
While some cancers have a genetic component, there are steps you can take to minimize risks:
✔ Routine Veterinary Checkups: Regular exams can catch early signs of cancer before symptoms become severe.
✔ Healthy Diet and Exercise: Feeding a balanced diet and maintaining a healthy weight supports your dog’s immune system.
✔ Minimizing Toxin Exposure: Avoid using pesticides and harmful chemicals in your home and yard.
✔ Genetic Testing: If adopting from a breeder, inquire about genetic testing for cancer risks in their breeding lines.
Conclusion

Cancer is a serious concern for many dog breeds, including Cavachons, Cavapoos, Bernedoodles, and Sheepadoodles. However, early detection and preventative care can make a significant difference. By recognizing symptoms early, maintaining regular vet visits, and reducing exposure to harmful substances, you can help ensure a longer, healthier life for your beloved pet.
Looking to learn more about raising a happy, healthy puppy? Visit the Recherche Kennels Learning Center for expert insights on training, health, and breed-specific care.